Once you have completed all the online checks, you are now ready to view the car. It’s advisable to take with you at least one other person – ideally someone knowledgeable about cars. The more eyes to inspect the car the better. Before you arrive you might want to agree between you who checks what, and how to plan the exercise efficiently. If possible try to arrange to view the car in the dry. A wet car with raindrops on the paintwork can conceal a variety of scratches and dents. Always inspect the car in good daylight when it is possible to see everything clearly.
Evaluate the vendor as well as the car
When you view the car this is also your chance to assess the vendor’s trustworthiness. Always view the vehicle being sold at the home of the vendor, as shown on the V5C/logbook – not from a car park, motorway service area, lay-by or any other location. Any suggestion by the vendor to view the car at a different location should cause alarm. Check the details of whom you are buying from carefully. Confirm who they are with proof of identity – a driving licence or passport is ideal. Genuine people don’t mind purchasers carefully checking. Don’t be tempted to attend anywhere else or speak to anyone other than the person listed on the V5C/logbook, however plausible the explanation might be. It is essential to be continually aware of the many kinds of cons that fraudsters will try. For example, it has been known for a vendor to even wait on the pavement outside an address, to make you think they live there.
Learn from my story
Be extra cautious and learn from my foolish errors. I knew it was sensible to view the car at the address shown on the V5 form but somehow got convinced to go to a location a few streets away because the vendor gave a very plausible explanation whilst en-route to his address. He said he had to quickly visit his girlfriend’s place to collect his daughter to take her to a dance class. It was more convenient to therefore view the car at his girlfriend’s. His demeanor suggested nothing suspicious. He was friendly, a young family man, it all appeared ok. The address the car was registered at was apparently his parents; it was only a couple of streets away so it didn’t seem a problem. On arriving, slight suspicion was aroused when we saw the car was parked in an area belonging to a block of flats, and the vendor was accompanied with a young male friend. The car was in general good order, well priced, nothing much appeared to cause concern except for being rushed along because he had to depart with his daughter. Shortly after the test drive and agreeing a discounted purchase price, he politely made his departure, leaving his young friend to take the cash. I only realised later how daft I’d been to neglect so many of the normal due diligence procedures, simply because I was desperate to buy a car. We had already driven over 30 miles for this viewing and I didn’t want to inconvenience my family further with other car viewings. The other factor affecting my judgement was the bargain price being offered. Good sense and logic had left me for that moment. None of this would really have mattered if it were not for the fact of taking one action. An essential point I had little knowledge of but a fundamental one when it comes to buying a second hand car privately- an online car history check. It only occurred to us during a half way meal stop en-route home. We were discussing the sale, and began questioning how the vendor, a young lad in his 20’s, had originally been able to buy a car that was only two years old. It was a light bulb moment – maybe he had taken a loan and maybe there was still finance against it. Suddenly the memory of hearing stories of cars with outstanding finance came flooding in to my conscience. I had little to no knowledge of what an online history check was, but that was all about to change. In the eyes of the law ignorance is no defence. I was starting to feel very stupid indeed, and very concerned. My story is an example of how easy it can be to not follow your own rules when you feel under pressure to act quickly. Arriving home our suspicions were confirmed. Completion of the HPI check revealed finance was outstanding on the car. I sensed the worst and knew I was in for a stressful period ahead. It let to an extremely anxious few weeks. I had to provide as much evidence available to me to the financing company, alongside many follow up phone calls. It could have been worse, at least the vendor was receptive to my phone call to him. He gave assurances he would sort it out. After nearly two months of anxiety finally I got the confirmation I wanted. The financing company were satisfied I had proven my legal title over the car. They had removed their interest on the vehicle. Phew – I was lucky – it doesn’t always end up like that. I could have easily had the car taken from me by the finance company, and lost everything – not a pleasant thought. I can’t tell you the relief I felt when I received this confirmation from the financing company. A lesson most definitely learnt. This experience and my research that followed made me realise this kind of situation should never happen. Clearly there needs to be a change in the way second hand cars with finance are bought and sold. It is crazy for any buyer to be able to get caught up in this kind of fraud, whether conducted purposely or by ignorance by the vendor. A proposed solution, for example, could be for the V5C document to be held by the financing company until the debt is fully repaid. This way the “owner” of the car would not be able to sell it. In the meantime, until such change is enacted, it is a case of “buyer beware”. Self-education is paramount. Follow the guidelines in this article and it will help you. What my story should highlight is that being conned, scammed, duped, or however you like to describe it can happen all too easily, even if you consider yourself astute to the kind of malpractices that fraudsters commit. It’s always good if you can learn from other’s mistakes and to do what is necessary to protect yourself from becoming the next potential victim.
Verify proof of ownership
Before you do anything else ask to view the car’s paperwork. The car should come with various documents holding vital information on its maintenance history and previous owners. If the seller can’t show you all of the documents below, walk away. Make sure you check the documents are all genuine. The V5C registration certificate (logbook) tells you the basics about the car’s history such as who it is currently registered to and how many owners it has had. It is important to be aware that the V5C registration certificate only shows the registered keeper of the vehicle. It does not necessarily mean as you might initially think that the vendor is the legal owner to sell it. If the vendor has finance against the vehicle, the legal owner is still the finance or leasing company- unfortunately there is normally nothing on the V5C document to make you aware of that. As I’ve already stated I think this is something the DVLA need to review. An online history check will confirm whether the vendor has proper title over the car and/or finance exists over it. More about this later.
Check the car’s VIN
A car’s identity has nothing to do with its registration number, which is something that could change several times during its life and is ridiculously easy to alter. Criminals can for example easily fit a set of false number plates to a stolen car; it’s an easy way to snare the unwary. What you need to look for is the car’s VIN, or Vehicle Identification Number. This is a unique seventeen-digit number that individually identifies your car and distinguishes it from every other car in the world. As a result, it’s an important number to check whenever you’re buying a secondhand car. It can be found on the top of the dashboard and seen through the windscreen. It is also stamped into the car’s body, often on the sill and under the bonnet, and under the carpet on the driver’s side. You’ll need to check they all match and are the same as the one recorded on the car’s V5 registration document. If they all match you shouldn’t have a problem, but to be completely safe, you’ll need to run an online car history check.
Check the Service History Booklet
Ask to see the car’s service history booklet to make sure the mileage recorded in it tallies with what you’re seeing on the dashboard. If the mileage varies, for any reason, you should be looking for some cast-iron reassurances before agreeing to buy it. You want to see lots of stamps in the book and the relevant invoices filed neatly away in a folder. Obsessive owners make great people to buy from!
Verify it’s not Cloned
A cloned car is when a car has adopted another car’s identity and is the automotive equivalent of identity fraud. At its most simple, it involves fitting the registration number from one car to another. Although owners are legally obliged to present a car’s V5 registration document and proof of their identity before they can buy new number plates, there are ways criminals manage to circumvent this. Analysing the number plate can therefore be a useful pointer to spotting a cloned one. If the number plates don’t have the supplying dealer’s name at the bottom of them you need to find out why. Often there is a legitimate reason for a new number plate, but you need to be absolutely sure it’s a valid one. Take a look at the heads of the screws holding the number plate onto the car (assuming it hasn’t been stuck on). Are they scratched or chewed up? If so, why have they been removed? More sophisticated techniques involve the replacement or forging of V5s and cloning VIN (vehicle identification number) plates. It is estimated there might be in excess of 10,000 cloned cars on the United Kingdom’s roads. Very scary! How can you avoid it? To help protect against buying a cloned car, carry out an online car data history check. Make sure all of its details are correct, including colour, engine size and date of first registration. Also look for signs for any tampering with the number plates, V5 registration document, service history and VIN. If you’re at all doubtful, walk away, and if you think the seller is bogus it is best to contact the police to prevent a less vigilant buyer than you being scammed.
Check it’s not a Cut ‘n’ Shut
Cut ’n’ shut cars are created to hide the identity of damaged cars that shouldn’t be on the road. Look for signs of poor panel gaps and badly aligned panels, different shades of paint and cars being sold for much less than they should. Many cut ’n’ shut cars are insurance write-offs that should not be on the road. Take a look at this website from Honest John to educate yourself to some popular scams to avoid.
Look at the tyres
Tyres are also a great indicator as to how a car has been looked after. If all four match and have good tread left on them the chances are the owner hasn’t skimped on its general maintenance.
Other simple checks
Check the oil on the dipstick. Is it up to the ‘full’ level and clean? Ditto the coolant, windscreen washer, brake and power steering fluid. Careful owners will keep these topped up, while careless owners, from whom you don’t want to buy a car, won’t. The same holds true of the paintwork and interior. You want it to look cared for and loved. If it isn’t, how likely is it that the owner has looked after the hidden bits? Summary of key checks:
- Tyres
- Service history and MOT
- Bodywork dents or chips
- Cam belt history and next change required
It’s vital to take your time to look around when inspecting any car, and never feel pressured to buy the first one that looks suitable.
The test drive
Taking the car for a test drive is essential before making any offer. Detailed advice on taking a test drive has been published by the AA here. This AA page also covers inspecting documentation and viewing the car. There are two options if during the inspection and test drive you discover any problems. You can use them to negotiate a reduced purchase price, or you can simply walk away from the sale. Take your time to make the right decision. If you have any doubts at all move on to the next car.